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Tesla’s bid to give Elon Musk a nearly $1 trillion stock award, tied to goals like building a million humanlike robots and lifting valuation to $8.5 trillion, has rekindled questions about whether ever-bigger pay truly motivates. Studies cited in the debate find scant evidence that higher executive pay yields better results, and behavioral experts warn big stakes can backfire. Tesla is proposing a package that would secure roughly 25 percent of the company for him after taxes. With Norway’s sovereign wealth fund opposed and other investors supportive, results are expected Thursday.

Prepared by Christopher Adams and reviewed by editorial team.