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New research suggests the brain physically adapts to use alcohol for stress and anxiety relief, creating a cycle of dependence that makes quitting difficult. Scientists identified specific brain cells in the thalamus that become active when drinkers associate alcohol with alleviating withdrawal symptoms. This finding offers a biological explanation for addiction, beyond willpower, and could lead to new treatments for alcohol dependence and anxiety disorders. The study highlights negative reinforcement, escaping pain, as a key driver of addiction.

Prepared by Olivia Bennett and reviewed by editorial team.