The Great Barrier Reef experienced its worst coral decline on record in 2025, according to a new report by the Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS). Heat stress from climate change, exacerbated by cyclones and crown-of-thorns starfish outbreaks, caused widespread coral bleaching in the northern and southern sections. AIMS warns the reef's future is volatile and recovery, dependent on future coral reproduction and minimal disturbance, could take years. While a starfish culling program showed some success, the reef's resilience is severely tested.

Prepared by Olivia Bennett and reviewed by editorial team.