New research suggests that Venus's pancake domes, massive volcanic formations, are formed not only by ultra-thick, viscous lava but also by the planet's flexible lithosphere. A study modeling the 90-mile-wide Narina Tholus dome revealed that crustal flexure is crucial in creating the domes' flat tops and steep edges. The lava's interaction with the bendable crust causes it to pile up, resulting in the characteristic pancake shape. Future missions to Venus will test this theory on other volcanic features, potentially reshaping our understanding of the planet's geological history and its divergence from Earth.

Prepared by Olivia Bennett and reviewed by editorial team.