BUSINESS

Doctorow Outlines Platforms' Three-Stage Enshittification Cycle

Cory Doctorow's new book, Enshittification, argues major platforms follow a three-stage slide: generous to users, then to business customers, before squeezing both with degraded feeds, what he calls junk fees, and distorted search. He cites Facebook's ad-targeted feeds and Amazon's alleged cloning of sellers' products and higher-cost search results; Amazon rejects his claims as false and says optional services add value. Doctorow blames weak competition and regulation, urging tougher antitrust, a right-to-exit for users, and interoperability. He says momentum against tech monopolies is growing. Meta did not comment.

Reviewed by JQJO team

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